Old English Sheepdog Dogs Breed - Information, Temperament & Size | Pets4Homes

1 / 22

Old English Sheepdog

Lifespan10 - 12

Average Price£1000 - £2500

Weight29 - 3425 - 29

Height56 - 6151 - 56

PedigreeYes

Breed groupPastoral

Health tests availableBVA/KC Hip Dysplasia Scheme, BVA/KC/ISDS Eye Scheme, DNA test - Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD), DNA test - Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA), BAER hearing test, Multi-drug resistance (MDR1) DNA testing

NicknamesOES, Bobtail, Bob

Pros

Highly trainable with positive reinforcement and strong intelligence

Affectionately loyal and protective to families

Good with children of all ages given supervision during play

Distinctive bear-like rolling gait and charming appearance

Cons

High maintenance coat requires daily brushing and professional grooming

Prone to separation anxiety if left alone long periods

Energetic breed needs substantial exercise and mental stimulation

Can be vocal especially as a watchdog requiring training

The Old English Sheepdog, affectionately nicknamed the Bobtail, is a striking and charismatic breed originally developed for herding and driving livestock across the rugged British countryside. Today, it excels as an intelligent, affectionate companion suited to active owners who value its unique appearance and spirited personality. Its dense, weather-resistant coat and distinctive bear-like rolling gait make it instantly recognisable, while its loyal and gentle nature wins hearts in family homes.

Historically used to drive sheep, cattle, and ponies, this breed remains robust and agile despite its medium-large frame. Old English Sheepdogs exhibit a harmonious blend of strength, endurance, and agility, supported by their thick double coat that protects them in all weather. Temperamentally, they are known for their intelligence, affectionate disposition, and strong bonds with family members, thriving when given plenty of mental and physical stimulation.

Ideal owners are experienced dog enthusiasts or families with a rural or semi-rural lifestyle and large secure gardens where the breed’s exercise needs can be met. They require regular, daily activity and mental engagement to remain content and well-adjusted. Grooming is paramount, as their long, shaggy coats demand daily care and professional grooming to prevent matting and maintain health.

Commitment to consistent training and socialisation is essential due to their herding instincts and strong-willed nature. For those ready to invest time and resources, the Old English Sheepdog offers an affectionate, playful, and protective companion with a uniquely endearing charm.

Perfect For

Active families or individuals living in rural or semi-rural settings with large, securely fenced gardens; enthusiasts who appreciate a distinctive, intelligent breed; and owners with the dedication to meet grooming and exercise demands.

Key Considerations

Requires daily grooming and frequent professional trims; needs at least two hours of daily exercise including mental challenges; prone to separation anxiety, so best suited to households with company; strong herding drive necessitates careful management around smaller animals and wildlife.

The Old English Sheepdog’s roots trace back to 18th century England, where it was first documented in art, notably in Gainsborough's 1771 painting portraying a "bobtail collie." Early regional names such as the Cotswold Sheepdog or Smithfield reflect its British livestock-driving origins, with the breed arising roughly 200 years ago. It served as an indispensable working dog for moving sheep, cattle, and New Forest ponies to market across challenging terrain, prized for its stamina and weather-proof coat.

Early Development

Breed developers sought a hardy, versatile sheepdog drawing genetic influence from European herding breeds like the Bergamasco and Russian Ovtcharka, as well as British sheepdogs including the Bearded Collie. The Briard and French Sheepdog may have contributed to the breed’s distinctive coat type and herding aptitude. Edward Lloyd’s records firmly establish the breed’s long-standing presence in Sussex’s South Downs from the early 19th century. Unique uses of the coat, such as shearing in summer for clothing, highlight its multifunctional role.

Modern Recognition

The breed debuted at the Birmingham show in 1873, with a breed standard forming shortly after that remains largely intact. Expanding beyond Britain, the Old English Sheepdog gained fans in North America and Canada, famed for its striking silhouette and reliable temperamental traits. Despite tail docking becoming illegal in 2007, the breed retains its bobtail look in some naturally tailless individuals. Today, it balances roles as a cherished family companion and a working trial dog, maintaining cultural significance in the herding community.

Size and Build

The Old English Sheepdog is a sturdy, muscular medium-large dog with males typically standing 56-61 cm tall and weighing 29-34 kg; females are slightly smaller at 51-56 cm and 25-29 kg. The breed’s compact body features well-sprung ribs, a deep brisket, and broad, rounded loins. Strong, well-boned legs support a distinctive, bear-like rolling gait characterised by smooth, straight leg movements during trots and elastic behaviour at gallops, contributing to its unique silhouette.

Coat and Colours

This breed sports a thick, harsh double coat with a dense water-resistant undercoat designed for weather resilience. Facial hair often obscures eyes and muzzle unless trimmed, adding to the breed’s signature shaggy look. Recognised Kennel Club colours include Black & White, Blue & White, Blue Grey & White, Grey, and Grey & White. Natural bobtails occur and complement the breed’s traditional "Bobtail" nickname. Regular maintenance is vital to prevent matting, as the coat undergoes seasonal changes but requires ongoing care throughout the year.

Distinctive Features

The head is square and well-proportioned, with a well-arched skull above the eyes and a pronounced stop. Large black noses with wide nostrils and wide-set eyes are standard; eyes are usually dark but can be wall-eyed or have one or two blue eyes, which are accepted within the standard. Small ears lie flat against the skull. The tail, traditionally docked, is now left natural with feathering due to tail docking restrictions. The neck is long and arched, shoulders are laid back, and the body slopes gracefully from shoulders to the loin.

Gender Differences

Males typically present at the larger and more robust end of size range with more pronounced muscle mass and a slightly more dominant temperament needing firm leadership. Females are generally a bit smaller, equally muscular, and often more reserved yet affectionate. Both sexes share the breed’s intelligent, strong herding drive and affectionate nature, requiring consistent socialisation and training for balanced behaviour.

Core Personality Traits

The Old English Sheepdog is affectionate, intelligent, and energetic, combining strong familial loyalty with lively playfulness. They bond deeply with their owners, exhibiting a gentle, sociable temperament that flourishes with regular mental and physical stimulation. Their playful spirit remains well into adulthood, making them entertaining and loving companions.

Social Behaviour

Known for a strong herding instinct, they may attempt to herd children or other pets, reflecting their traditional working role. Protective without aggression, they tend to alert bark at strangers rather than react with hostility, maintaining a friendly yet watchful demeanour. They are generally wary of strangers, often choosing respectful distance over confrontation, and thrive in homes that provide secure outdoor spaces.

Working Instincts

Their powerful herding drive manifests in attempts to gather and control movement of family members and animals, requiring owners to manage these instincts carefully. Mental engagement through herding trials or training exercises is essential to channel their natural energy positively and avoid behavioural issues.

Common Behavioural Challenges

Prone to separation anxiety if left alone long, which may cause destructive behaviours without intervention. Their high energy means they need ongoing exercise and enrichment. Strong prey drive means vigilance is required when around smaller animals. Early socialisation and consistent training help mitigate stubbornness and dominant traits, creating a well-adjusted companion.

Highly intelligent with a keen willingness to please, the Old English Sheepdog is trainable but requires firm, consistent leadership due to its stubborn streak and strong will. Early and ongoing training is crucial to harness obedience and social skills.

Puppy Training Priorities

Early socialisation is vital, exposing puppies to diverse environments, people, and animals once vaccinations are complete. Foundational commands like "come," "sit," "stay," and "leave it" form the training base. Short, frequent positive reinforcement sessions of 10-15 minutes keep pups engaged and reduce boredom-driven behaviours.

Training Methods That Work

Positive reinforcement using treats, praise, and gentle correction is most effective. Harsh punishment can harm trust and slow progress. Clear, consistent commands and household rules prevent confusion and reinforce good conduct.

Advanced Training Potential

Excelling in obedience, agility, and herding trials, the breed shows strong aptitude for structured canine sports and working roles that satisfy their mental and physical needs. Engaging in these activities reduces stress and outlets natural instincts.

Common Training Mistakes

Failing to socialise early, inconsistent application of rules, and punitive measures can lead to poor behaviour. Owners should avoid over-exercising puppies before skeletal maturity (around 18 months) to protect joints. Overindulgence leading to a lack of boundaries may foster dominant behaviour.

Age-Specific Interactions

The Old English Sheepdog is patient and gentle with children of all ages, thriving as a family dog. While their boisterous play suits energetic older children, toddlers require close supervision to avoid accidental knocks due to the dog's size and strength.

Teaching Children Proper Interaction

Children should learn to respect the dog’s space, avoid pulling on fur or ears, and recognise signs of stress to ensure safe, positive interactions. Educating youngsters on these boundaries fosters harmonious relationships.

Breed-Specific Considerations

High energy and size mean the breed is best suited to families prepared for active outdoor play and suited supervision levels. Their herding instinct may lead to nipping or gathering behaviours that children must be taught to understand and manage.

Creating Safe Environments

Supervision during interactions and designated safe spaces for the dog and children to retreat to are essential. Early socialisation with other dogs and small pets helps promote peaceful coexistence. Vigilance around smaller animals is crucial, given the prey drive.

Breed-Specific Health Conditions

The Old English Sheepdog typically lives 10-12 years, with hereditary conditions like hip dysplasia (mean score approx. 11.3), elbow dysplasia, cerebellar abiotrophy, and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) affecting around 15-20% of dogs. Congenital deafness, immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia, cataracts, cancer, and urinary incontinence (notably in early-spayed females) are also reported. Autoimmune disorders require ongoing management.

Genetic Testing Requirements

Responsible breeders conduct DNA tests for PCD, cerebellar abiotrophy, multidrug resistance (MDR1), and BAER hearing tests, alongside BVA/KC hip and eye schemes. These diagnostics guide breeding decisions to reduce hereditary issues and maintain genetic diversity.

Preventive Healthcare Schedule

Vaccinations start around 10-12 weeks with boosters per vet advice. Due to multidrug sensitivity, vets tailor medication carefully. Regular joint screening, weight control, and eye exams support overall health. Spaying or neutering timing (6-9 months) considers maturity and health risks.

Insurance Considerations

Due to the breed's predispositions, comprehensive insurance is prudent to cover likely orthopedic and autoimmune treatments. This ensures financial preparedness for potential veterinary expenses and peace of mind for owners.

Daily care for the Old English Sheepdog revolves around maintaining its unique coat and fitness. Owners should dedicate time each day to brushing the thick double coat using slicker brushes and grooming gloves to remove tangles and loose hair, preventing painful mats. Professional grooming every 6-8 weeks is important for coat health and ease of maintenance.

Daily Care Routine

A structured day may begin with a gentle walk to release morning energy, followed by feeding high-quality balanced meals. Mental stimulation through training or puzzle toys in the afternoon helps prevent boredom. Evening family time includes grooming checks to catch mats early and maintain skin health.

Living Environment Needs

Best suited to homes with large, secure gardens to accommodate exercise and play. The breed does not adapt well to apartments given its size and energy. Climate management includes sun protection and ample water in summer, with warm shelter and bedding during colder months.

Seasonal Care Adjustments

Summer requires careful hydration and light coat trimming to prevent overheating, while winter calls for joint care and paw protection from icy or rough terrain. Year-round paw maintenance supports mobility and comfort.

Senior Care Adaptations

Aging dogs benefit from joint-supportive diets, tailored low-impact exercise, and comfortable bedding. Regular veterinary check-ups become increasingly important to monitor age-related health changes and quality of life.

The Old English Sheepdog’s dense double coat requires a committed grooming routine to maintain health and prevent discomfort. Daily brushing of 20-30 minutes is recommended, utilising slicker brushes, metal combs, and grooming gloves to detangle and remove loose fur effectively. Consistency reduces matting risks.

Coat Maintenance Schedule

Home grooming is supplemented with professional grooming visits every 6-8 weeks, costing roughly £40-£80 per session, varying by location and service. Professional groomers clip and style the coat to manageable lengths, especially during warmer periods.

Professional Grooming Requirements

Regular trims keep the dog comfortable, prevent mats close to the skin, and maintain breed-standard appearance. Neglect can cause painful mats and potential skin infections requiring veterinary care.

Home Grooming Techniques

Early introduction of grooming routines in puppies eases handling. Regular ear cleaning with vet-approved solutions, nail trimming with proper clippers, and teeth brushing with dog-specific toothpaste maintain overall health and hygiene.

Common Grooming Challenges

Areas prone to matting include behind ears and under the limbs. Some dogs develop skin sensitivities or dermatitis, necessitating special shampoos. Seasonal shedding in spring and autumn increases grooming demands.

Daily Exercise Requirements

The Old English Sheepdog requires at least 90 to 120 minutes of daily exercise combining physical activity and mental challenges. Recommended routines include brisk morning walks to expel energy and longer, stimulating afternoon walks. Secure garden access for play is highly beneficial.

Suitable Activities

They excel in herding trials, obedience, agility, and freestyle activities that engage their intelligence and agility. Interactive games like fetch and scent exercises satisfy mental and physical needs.

Exercise Restrictions

Exercise should be moderated for puppies until skeletal maturity at approximately 18 months, avoiding jumping and excessive running to protect developing joints. Weather extremes call for duration adjustments to ensure safety and comfort.

Mental Stimulation Ideas

Puzzle toys, scent discriminations, and structured training exercises keep minds sharp. Herding-related activities are ideal outlets for instincts and help reduce stress and boredom.

Nutritional Requirements

Nutrition must be tailored through life stages with high-quality, balanced diets rich in proteins and moderate fats. Puppies need nutrient dense foods supporting growth, particularly muscle and skeletal development, while adults require consistent calorie control.

Feeding Schedule Guidelines

Puppies benefit from three to four meals daily tapering to two as adults. Portion control is essential to prevent breed-related obesity, given their enthusiasm for food.

Special Dietary Considerations

Watch for food sensitivities or allergies. Supplementing with joint-supportive nutrients such as glucosamine may assist, especially during growth and senior years. Avoid free feeding to monitor intake accurately.

Weight Management

Maintaining optimal body condition is important to avoid joint strain and health issues. Regular weight monitoring combined with appropriate exercise supports longevity and quality of life.

Purchasing an Old English Sheepdog puppy from a licensed breeder typically costs between £1400 and £2500, while individual breeders may offer puppies from £1000 to £1500 depending on pedigree quality, lineage, and location. Prices tend to be higher for show-quality or health-tested lines.

Essential initial setup expenses, including grooming supplies, bedding, feeding bowls, and a secure crate, begin at around £200. Monthly upkeep costs range from £50 to £60 for high-quality food and £40 to £80 every 6-8 weeks for professional grooming. Routine veterinary care and vaccinations add to ongoing expenses.

Annual veterinary costs, including dental care, neutering/spaying, and health screenings, can reach £1200 or more. Insurance expenses vary from £20 to £50 monthly based on coverage choice. Prospective owners should budget comprehensively to cover grooming, health care, diet, and unexpected veterinary treatments.

For those wishing to acquire this breed, you can find Old English Sheepdog for sale on Pets4Homes.

Purchase Prices

Ranges from £1000 to £1500 for individual breeders and £1400 to £2500 for licensed breeders.

Initial Setup Costs

Includes grooming tools, bedding, toys, and feeding equipment, estimated at £200+.

Ongoing Monthly Expenses

Food (£50-£60), grooming (£40-£80 every 6-8 weeks), and insurance (£20-£50).

Lifetime Cost Considerations

Veterinary bills, insurance, grooming, and potential health care require long-term budgeting.

Securing an Old English Sheepdog puppy demands careful selection of ethical breeders committed to comprehensive health testing and responsible breeding standards. Visit breeders in person, meet the dam and litter, and verify Kennel Club registration to ensure authenticity.

Beware of scams or importers selling low-cost puppies without health assurances. Confirm breeder compliance with BVA/KC schemes, including hip and elbow scoring, DNA testing for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD), Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA), multi-drug resistance (MDR1), and BAER hearing tests. Check veterinary certification for puppies with natural bobtails to comply with legal restrictions.

During puppy selection, assess temperament, health, and socialisation maturity. Puppies should be confident, curious, and exhibit no signs of illness. Contracts must include health guarantees, return policies, and expected breeder support. Caution is advised when considering breeders without clear documentation.

The breed is well supported by rescue organisations offering adults and youngsters needing new homes, providing an ethical avenue for acquiring an Old English Sheepdog. You can find Old English Sheepdog for sale listings and connect with reputable breeders on Pets4Homes.

Finding Ethical Breeders

Confirm registration, health screening, facilities visit, litter limits, and care standards.

Health Testing Verification

Verify certified hip/elbow scores, DNA tests, BAER hearing results, and genetic health of breeding stock.

Puppy Selection Process

Evaluate socialisation, health, temperament, and bobtail documentation.

Contract and Guarantee Review

Check health guarantees, return policies, veterinary support clauses, and be alert to red flags.

Rescue and Adoption Options

Consider breed-specific rescues offering well-vetted dogs for those seeking to adopt.

Old English Sheepdog

Pros

Cons

What is a Old English Sheepdog?

Perfect For

Key Considerations