Top 8 Common German Shepherd Health Conditions UK 2025

The German shepherd is a large, intelligent, and loyal dog breed, beloved as both a companion and working dog. Known for their confidence and versatility, these dogs have a rich history of service to mankind and remain one of the UK's most popular breeds. However, owning a German shepherd requires dedication, especially regarding their health and wellbeing.

Understanding common health concerns in German shepherds is vital for responsible ownership and ensuring your pet enjoys a long, happy life. The Royal Veterinary College (RVC) provides comprehensive data on disorders affecting German shepherds in the UK, helping owners and vets identify prevalent issues and manage them proactively.

1. Otitis Externa (Ear Infections)

Otitis externa, characterised by inflammation, pain, and swelling of the ear canal, is the most frequently recorded health issue in German shepherds, affecting about 7.9% of dogs. This breed’s large, pointed ears create a warm, moist environment prone to bacterial and yeast infections. Frequent ear checks and prompt treatment of infections can prevent discomfort and complications.

2. Osteoarthritis

Affecting mainly older dogs, osteoarthritis is a progressive joint disease causing pain and reduced mobility. Approximately 5.5% of German shepherds under veterinary care experience this condition. Maintaining a healthy weight and providing joint supplements can help delay onset and manage symptoms. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management.

3. Diarrhoea and Digestive Issues

Diarrhoea is a common cause for vet visits in the breed, affecting around 5.2%. While often transient, persistent digestive problems may indicate underlying sensitivities or infections. Providing a balanced diet with quality ingredients and consulting a vet for ongoing issues supports digestive health.

4. Obesity

Obesity is the fourth most common health concern in German shepherds, seen in just over 5% of cases. Excess weight exacerbates joint disorders and can lead to other conditions such as diabetes and heart disease. Responsible feeding, regular exercise, and portion control are key prevention strategies.

5. Dental Disease

Often overlooked, dental disease affects almost 4.1% of German shepherds and can have serious health implications beyond oral discomfort. Routine dental care including tooth brushing and professional cleanings helps prevent plaque buildup, gum disease, and tooth loss.

6. Other Ear Disorders

Apart from otitis externa, German shepherds are susceptible to various ear problems, including infections, allergies, and genetic issues affecting hearing. These account for about 3.2% of veterinary consultations. Monitoring ear health regularly and avoiding irritants support wellbeing.

7. Lameness

Presenting as difficulty or reluctance to walk properly, lameness affects about 2.8% of German shepherds and reflects underlying musculoskeletal issues such as ligament injuries or joint disorders. Prompt veterinary assessment is needed to identify the cause and begin treatment.

8. Hip Dysplasia

Hip dysplasia, a painful genetic condition where the hip joint forms improperly, affects roughly 2.7% of German shepherds. It can cause arthritis, lameness, and reduced quality of life. Responsible breeders perform hip scoring of parent dogs to reduce this risk. Treatment ranges from weight management and physiotherapy to surgery in severe cases.

Preventing and Managing German Shepherd Health Issues

Responsible ownership includes routine veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet tailored to breed needs, suitable exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight. Early detection and treatment of health conditions can greatly improve outcomes and prolong your dog’s life. Consider pet insurance to help manage veterinary costs associated with chronic conditions.

By understanding these common health conditions and their management, you can provide your German shepherd with the best possible care and enjoy many happy years together.